Beaked Hazel, California hazelnut, Turkish Filbert, Turkish Hazel

Corylus cornuta

Physical Characteristics

Corylus cornuta is a deciduous Shrub growing to 3 m (9ft 10in) at a medium rate. See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 4. It is in flower from April to May, and the seeds ripen from September to October. The species is monoecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but both sexes can be found on the same plant) and is pollinated by Wind. The plant is self-fertile. It is noted for attracting wildlife. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil. The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure.

Distribution

Eastern and Central N. America.

Habitats

Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade;

Edible Uses

Edible Parts: Oil Seed Edible Uses: Oil Seed - raw or cooked[2, 62, 101]. Very popular in America, the seed is sweet and well-flavoured with a thin shell[2, 85]. The seed can be dried and ground into a powder which is added to cereals and used in making bread, pies etc[85, 183]. The seed ripens in mid to late autumn and will probably need to be protected from squirrels[K]. When kept in a cool place, and not shelled, the seed should store for at least 12 months[K]. An edible oil is obtained from the seed.

Medicinal Uses

Cardiac Odontalgic Stomachic An infusion of the branches and leaves has been used in the treatment of heart complaints and intestinal disorders[257]. A decoction of the bark has been given to children to alleviate teething pain[257].

Known Hazards

None known