Quebec Hawthorn

Crataegus submollis

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Basic Information

Family: Rosaceae

Genus: crataegus

Plant ID (slug): crataegus-submollis

Numeric ID: 22818

USDA Hardiness: 4-8

Ratings

Physical Characteristics

Crataegus submollis is a deciduous Tree growing to 7 m (23ft) by 7 m (23ft). See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 5 and is not frost tender. It is in flower in June, and the seeds ripen in September. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Midges. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist or wet soil and can tolerate drought. The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure. It can tolerate atmospheric pollution.

Distribution

North-eastern N. America - Quebec to Ontario, Massachusetts and New York.

Habitats

Woodland Garden Secondary; Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade; Hedge;

Edible Uses

Edible Parts: Fruit Edible Uses: Fruit - raw or cooked[105, 161]. Sub-acid, dry and mealy[82]. Our experience has been that the fruit is sweet and somewhat juicy, it has a thick flesh with a nice flavour and makes an acceptable dessert fruit[K]. The fruit can also be used in making pies, preserves etc, and can be dried for later use[257]. It is about 20mm in diameter, is borne in large clusters and is easily harvested[K]. There are up to five fairly large seeds in the centre of the fruit, these often stick together and so the effect is of eating a cherry-like fruit with a single seed[K].

Medicinal Uses

Cardiotonic Hypotensive Although no specific mention has been seen for this species, the fruits and flowers of many hawthorns are well-known in herbal folk medicine as a heart tonic and modern research has borne out this use. The fruits and flowers have a hypotensive effect as well as acting as a direct and mild heart tonic[222]. They are especially indicated in the treatment of weak heart combined with high blood pressure[222]. Prolonged use is necessary for it to be efficacious[222]. It is normally used either as a tea or a tincture[222].