Pipevine, Dutchman's Pipe

Aristolochia macrophylla

Physical Characteristics

Aristolochia macrophylla is a CLIMBER growing to 7 m (23ft) at a fast rate. See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 6. It is in flower from June to August, and the seeds ripen from September to October. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Flies. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil.

Distribution

Eastern N. America - Pennsylvania to Minnesota, Georgia, Tennessee and Kansas.

Habitats

Woodland Garden Dappled Shade;

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal Uses

Antiseptic Antitumor The plant contains the antiseptic and antitumor compound aristolochic acid[222]. A decoction of the root has been used externally to treat 'swelling of feet and legs'[257]. A compound infusion of stalk chips has been used in the treatment of 'yellowish urine'[257].

Known Hazards

We have no specific details for this species but most members of this genus have poisonous roots and stems[179]. The plant contains aristolochic acid, this has received rather mixed reports on its toxicity. According to one report aristolochic acid stimulates white blood cell activity and speeds the healing of wounds, but is also carcinogenic and damaging to the kidneys[254]. Another report says that it is an active antitumour agent but is too toxic for clinical use[218]. Another report says that aristolochic acid has anti-cancer properties and can be used in conjunction with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and that it also increases the cellular immunity and phagocytosis function of the phagocytic cells[176].