Bonnet Pepper, Chinese capsicum

Capsicum chinense

Physical Characteristics

Capsicum chinense is an evergreen Shrub growing to 1.5 m (5ft) by 1.5 m (5ft) at a fast rate. See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 10. The plant is self-fertile. It is noted for attracting wildlife. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid and very alkaline soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers moist soil.

Distribution

Western S. America - Brazil to the West Indies.

Habitats

Edible Uses

Edible Parts: Fruit Edible Uses: Condiment The extremely hot and pungent fruits are commonly used as a flavouring in savoury dishes[ 301 ]. Well known for their exceptional heat and unique flavor. The fruits vary in size and shape, ranging from 6mm in diameter, smooth and rounded, to wrinkled and elongated and up to 10cm long[ 418 ]

Medicinal Uses

Antiasthmatic Antiseptic Diaphoretic Digestive Febrifuge Tonic The pungent fruit has tonic and antiseptic properties, stimulates the circulatory and digestive systems and increases perspiration[ 238 ]. It also irritates the tissues, increasing blood supply to the area and reducing sensitivity to pain[ 238 ]. It is taken internally in the treatment of the cold stage of fevers, debility in convalescence or old age, varicose veins, asthma and digestive problems[ 238 ]. Externally it is used in the treatment of sprains, unbroken chilblains, neuralgia, pleurisy etc[ 238 ].

Known Hazards

None known